Food nutrients and microbes exercise ।‌ Ananda Marga school class 4 science Food nutrients and microbes exercise answer

ANANDA MARGA SCHOOL

[CLASS- 4] SCIENCE

Chapter – 5 FOOD, NUTRIENTS AND MICRBES

EXERCISE – 5 (ANSWER)

FOOD, NUTRIENTS AND MICRBES

1.

a) Proteins give us energy.

b) All food must be cooked. X

c) All microbes are harmful to us. X

d) Water is a food. X

e) All fresh fruit contains vitamins.

f) Protozoa are small plants. X

g) Proteins are needed for growth.

h) Water helps the body to use other nutrients.

i) Calcium is essential for strong teeth and bones.

j) Green leafy vegetables contain lots of proteins. X

k) Iron is a body-building nutrient.

l) We should take a lot of fats and oils. X

m) We should eat a balanced diet.

n) Food gets spoiled if exposed to air and moisture for a long time.

o) Junk food is good for our health. X

p) We should avoid over eating.

2. a) We study microbes with the help of a microscope.

b) Cooking makes the food soft/digestible.

c) Pizza is a fast food.

d) Fiber/Roughage cannot be digested.

e) Over-cooking destroys nutrients in the food.

f) Milk is a complete food.

g) Protein helps in the formation of blood.

h) Energy-giving nutrients are carbohydrates and fats.

i) Iron is a mineral.

j) 'B' is a kind of vitamin.

k) Vitamins and minerals are necessary to fight diseases.

l) We should drink at least 8-10 glasses of water every day.

3. Answer these questions:

a) Name some nutrients that our body needs.

Our body needs various nutrients, including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.

b) Which nutrients give us energy? How are they useful to us?

Carbohydrates and fats primarily provide energy to our body. Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy, while fats provide a more concentrated source of energy and are essential for absorbing fat-soluble vitamins.

c) How do proteins help us?

Proteins are essential for growth and repair of body tissues, building enzymes and hormones, and maintaining a healthy immune system.

d) Why should we take more carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy, providing fuel for physical activity and brain function

f) What are the conditions suitable for the growth of microbes?

Microbes thrive in specific conditions, generally requiring warmth, moisture, nutrients, and a suitable pH level.

g) What is meant by protective food?

Protective foods are those rich in vitamins and minerals, which help protect the body from diseases and maintain overall health. Examples include fruits, vegetables, and some dairy products.

h) Why are roughage and water essential?

Roughage (dietary fiber) aids in digestion and prevents constipation, while water is crucial for transporting nutrients, regulating body temperature, and various metabolic processes.

i) What do you mean by balanced food?

Balanced food refers to a diet that provides all the essential nutrients in the right proportions to meet the body's needs for growth, maintenance, and energy.

j) Why are junk food not useful for our health?

Junk food is typically high in unhealthy fats, sugar, and salt, and low in essential nutrients, leading to health problems like obesity, heart disease, and nutritional deficiencies.

k) What happens when we over-eat?

Overeating leads to excessive calorie intake, which can result in weight gain, obesity, and an increased risk of related health issues.

l) Which foods give us vitamins?

Vitamins are found in a wide variety of foods, with fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and certain fortified foods being excellent sources.

M) What happens if we consume stale food and cut fruits?

Consuming stale food or cut fruits exposed to air for too long can lead to food poisoning due to bacterial growth, causing symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

n) How can food be preserved?

Food can be preserved through various methods such as refrigeration, freezing, drying, salting, pickling, canning, and pasteurization.

o) Why food preservation is necessary?

Food preservation is necessary to prevent spoilage, extend shelf life, ensure food safety, and make food available during off-seasons or in areas with limited fresh produce.

4. Name a nutrient contained in:

a) Milk: Calcium, Protein, Vitamin D

b) Fish: Protein, Omega-3 fatty acids, Vitamin D

c) Spinach: Vitamin K, Vitamin A, Iron, Folate

d) Papaya: Vitamin C, Vitamin A, Fiber

e) Pulses: Protein, Fiber, Iron, Folate

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